DAWN and The Sacred Pool

Not sure if this is just a side effect to the hot springs or..? Otherwise it was still really worth going and a very relaxing and enjoyable experience! I wouldn't have paid extra to get in the pools if Pamukkale had enough running water. However there wasn't enough water and we ended up paying the extra 30 liras I think They were well worth it.

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Nice clean warm water running from the springs. Apparently not everyone is willing to pay the extra fee because we were all alone for about an hour. There is a locker service for 10 liras. But you get your money back when you return the key. Lovely pool to swim in not included in price of pemerkale trip pool has rocks underneath like ruins quite warm photographers take picture's of you in pool for you to buy good and drinks available. Swuim in the same place Cleopatra did about years before you!

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Review of Cleopatra Pools. Pamukkale Hot Springs and Hierapolis Excursion. Ranked 8 of 9 things to do in Pamukkale. Reviewed April 19, Write a Review Reviews 1, Show reviews that mention. All reviews " cleopatra pool ". Review tags are currently only available for English language reviews.

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Read reviews in English Go back. Reviewed April 13, Ask Chenee1 about Cleopatra Pools. This clayish bed was in use from the 12th century AD onwards. Under this layer, the bottom of the pool, consisting of the natural clayish marl bedrock US. The bottom of the pool was at elevation — 2. It was a [fig. A monument at the centre of the basin? Another block, retrieved in the same area, just This basement was almost completely removed east of the basin, on May 28th , was when the Kothon became a salt pan.

It might catalogued within the Whitaker Collection inv. It has a noticeable peculiarity, that is the standing at the centre of the pool. On the Kothon presence of a gigantic right foot on its upper boundary walls, two blocks with mouldings were surface fig. One was already published by Isserlin , ; here fig. Two more worked blocks are of a colossal statue figs.

The foot length can be reconstructed as 0. This canon would have produced an overall height of 2. The moulded basis further raised the statue over the water mirror of around 1 cubit. The statue was located at the middle of the basin facing north, aligned with the third protruding block of the northern ledge, where the main stream of fresh water flowed into the Kothon.

In this case, the figure seems standing fig. Three stelae from the Tophet may represent the Kothon statue standing on its basis. CLII , but shows clearly the basis and the Egyptian shenti skirt fig. The arms are, as usual In this iconography inspired to Pharahonic images, one elongated on the right flank, the other bent on the left breast.

Both end in clenched fists, as like as in the statue from the Lagoon. Less clear is the headgear, which, however, ends with a plume. This detail has suggested the hypothetical reconstruction on fig. They are, in facts, always shown standing waters, identified with the Greek god Poseidon.

1. Pilgrims bathing at the sarovar (sacred pool) of Golden Temple Stock Photo: - Alamy.
2. Beautiful Sacred Pool - Review of Cleopatra Pools, Pamukkale, Turkey - TripAdvisor.
3. Le Chat jaune: et autres histoires de crimes (French Edition).

As stated above, different attitude of the figure, or the presence of the existence of a built up monument was also an attribute the spear or the mace, if the hinted at by the retrieval of some decorated oriental tradition was prevailing, or the trident, if architectural elements on the Kothon boundary the Greek one dominated. This does not implies that the Temple of the Kothon.

It more explicitly draws from Egyptian figurative tradition showing a gradient personage inspired by Pharahonic and divine figures. Being portrayed in profile, the gradient attitude of the god is more clear. The monument was, thus, The overall dimensions of the rectangular surveyed in its entireness pl. I and this provided structure are Moreover, this allowed to inner dimensions of the pool are The dimensions of the pool can be measured The planning scheme of the basin was the same inside or outside its boundary walls.

Originally, the structure was made of four courses of superimposed ashlar blocks with an average height of around 1. In spite of the different elevations of its only four courses of blocks. The latter — as foundations, the monument was conceived as to already pointed out by Isserlin — had been partly have the boundary walls top at a somewhat modified in its central stretch, due to the regular elevation around - 0.

Nonetheless, the westernmost section of the southern wall was preserved with its original height, and two blocks of the upper fourth course of ashlar masonry characterized by a slighter lower height — around 0. Conversely, on the eastern side of the pool, the upper course of blocks were robbed in antiquity pillaging activities by the [fig. The maximum depth at the centre of the basin was around 1.

The edge of the built up structure was at least 0. The elevation of the water surface was around 0. The latter, as stated above, was between 0. It is, thus, evident that water depth made it impossible to navigate within the Kothon, unless with very small and unloaded boats. Finally, it has to be recalled that the Marsala Lagoon is subjected to regular tides which are connected with water flowing from the Kothon and the Temple Springs, so that when sea level [fig.

The Kothon corners gradually but constantly robbed removing almost The examinations of walls junctions at the Kothon completely the blocks of the upper course of the corners brought about the first basic outcome of rectangular construction. On both corners of the southern wall M. This provides a clear evidence of the constructive junction between each side wall of the Kothon with its neighbors. After the excavation of the inner filling of the basin, the boundary walls masonry appears the outcome of an unitary constructive effort, with each block regularly joined to the other in a continuous work all around the rectangular pool.

Since each block weights from around up to kg, it is very difficult to imagine that one side of the structure had been dismantled to be reconstructed by intermingling the corner blocks. The only transformations of the original construction was, in facts, detected on the upper [fig. This was the Kothon is concerned figs. Since the latter was rebuilt in modern times when the the height of each block was not necessarily sea level had raised laying on top of the upper corresponding to that of its neighbor, those by course along the corner a group of eight huge the walls join were adapted and regularized in blocks possibly including also the moulded block order to fit better one into the other.

These protected the earlier walls junction, so that the south-western corner of the Kothon is the only one already kept as it was originally, except for the later superimposition. The lowest blocks were set into the clayish marl bedrock. They were cuboid blocks of around 2 cubits length, carefully joined, with the one of the southern wall set into [fig.

IN THE the body of the western wall. The uppermost course was also the two long side-walls of the basin. The northern boundary wall of the basin however, did not affect the general wall layout, M. The clayish marl bedrock which was the waterproof bottom of the basin raised towards the north up to elevation — 1. The height of each course was regular. The lower one II was made with blocks 0. The regularity of the wall was interrupted After this device, [fig. Conversely, it was well detectable at the bottom of the last three eastern blocks of the wall fig. It was again detected just underneath ledge M.

In the eastern section of the northern wall, blocks often exhibit clear signs of attempts of plundering them, so that they have broken [fig. Moreover, a stretch 6. After an inner subsiding, the wall was repaired and strengthened, at around 5 m from the NE corner, by inserting four re-employed blocks as headers slightly protruding from its face fig. One cannot exclude that this device M. In correspondence of device M. The ledge of protruding blocks M. The overall length of the protruding and This jutted out from the structure fig.

The eight the seven gaps in between them. There are 3 blocks of size B, two blocks of size ancient people walking on them, so that their C, and two of size A. Blocks of size A were placed profile is rounded and worn figs. Upon the sixth block from the east a capital decorated by an Egyptian gola was standing M. It was 1 royal cubit high and 0. These dimensions suggest that the alternation between blocks in the ledge correspond to the presence of two or three pillars, belonging to a passage or a porch [fig.

As stated above, also the the two lateral blocks M. One has to Finally, the examination of the ledge allowed point out that both blocks M. This was interpreted as depending blocks vertical surfaces, as well as that of modern on subsiding due to fresh water flow from the times was neatly detectable on the blocks of the rear side and under the bottom of the ledge, upper replaced course, thus marking the however, it may be an effect of the pillars weight. This is, for instance, the case of the Thanks to its jutting shape, it made it difficult to feet of an Attic Black Gloss Ware kylix take away mud deposited into the pool.

The chronological setting of the latter was emptied several times in antiquity, majority of fragments is Motya Period VII especially after its transformation into a salt pan. Nonetheless, the presence of some However, the area just underneath the ledge early sherd seems noteworthy especially in the remained protected fig.

Even though the case of a fragment of the shoulder of a Cypriote blocks attracted the attention of plunderers as it or Philistine? White Painted Ware krater- is shown by the eastern most jutting slab, which amphora, which originates from an early layer of has an indented hollow on the southern vertical Motya IV BC. The western stretch of wall M.

This slab foundation was 9. Around 1 m west of the ledge, the wall had an interruption: The masonry continued westwards with the insertion in the second course of a shorter block M. II , created a gap in the wall curtain, for the whole length 0. Erosion traces on the vertical face of the block hint at a possible drain In the westernmost stretch of the wall to collect water into the pool fig.

A second inner face inside around 1. Such a constructional feature occurred stretchers. The joints between these blocks and their bottom It may be surmised that these inner faces allowed upon the flat slabs serving as foundation basis, structural interventions behind the wall were stuck by layer US. The eastern boundary wall M. The blocks, almost completely disappeared. Excavation started from the Temple C, where the two upper courses were set centre, in the area facing the quay connected to inward of 5 cm, e.

However, due to multi-secular north. The southern half of M. NIGRO a, 1, , fig. This meant that the stratigraphy of the filling inside [fig. Ashlar masonry of wall M. The four employed and carefully interconnected with the preserved superimposed courses of blocks had a lowest one of the eastern boundary wall M. Each block was wedged in the head of the underlying one, thus creating a solid structure. The length of blocks was variable from 0. Long blocks were usually alternated to short ones 0.

They may holes provoked by tools used to try to extract have belonged to an earlier building erected in them fig. In the central stretch the slight the area or to the first artificial basin, dismantled offset of lower courses was again visible figs. Water flowing into the basin through wall M.

The upper ones were connected with channels and drains from the Temple, among which the most monumental one was C. It was the upper prosecution of a drain running underneath the western wing of the temple NIGRO The lower ones were instead outflows capturing fresh water from the phreatic aquifer thanks to the drainage properties of underground clayish and marl strata lying on the rear side of the structure fig. Such outflows at least five [fig. From this hole fresh water was spilling out figs.

This apparently was, in antiquity, the elevation where phreatic aquifer sprung out. Ground water was, thus, captured and poured out into the basin at the much possible higher elevation, so as to facilitate its filling. The elevation of drain C. The marl step was coated with cyan—gray waterproof clay US. To the same obliteration covered by an heavily eroded fragmentary antefix ritual, a Corinthian cothon MC.

The plastic properties of the clay kept Punic oil bottle MC.

Drains in the uppermost courses of the Some 3. Three circular holes in the uppermost courses of I, M. A further, third hole C.

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It was a fan shaped cut in the lower vertical erosion of the eleventh block pl. I, part of the block, which in later periods was M. It was presumably connected with a series of hydraulic installations located just south of the corner of the pool, namely wells P. This device recalls drain C. Drains at the bottom of the eastern boundary wall M. They were usually obtained by exploiting the gaps between blocks and inserting a small rectangular or square, generating a small opening 0. Sometime at the bottom of the outflow a slab or as small block was set.

In the second course from the north, blocks are mostly alternated stretchers and headers pl. It was standing upon a flat slab with superimposed blocks of the third and second another gap possibly also serving for waters courses. Water flowed drawing groundwater from the clayish-marl from it and from another gap left just south of bedrock of this region of the island, letting it the cut out block fig.

The southern boundary wall of the eastern and western side-walls of the basin, the Kothon M. Isserlin, which, however, never reached the bottom of this 2 m high monumental structure. This thesis, though manifestly contradicted by the very wall, hampering water and boats access to the dock 15 m far away , lead to the wrong assumption that there existed a channel connecting the pool to the dock, which is not, and, actually, the rectangular basin never communicated with the Marsala Lagoon during the life span of the city of Motya.

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Actually, only in later periods a way in and out for sea waters was opened, but at a very superficial elevation, because the sea level had raised due to marine transgression up to 1 m. Notwithstanding this facts, and the basic observation that the southern boundary wall was solidly connected both to the [fig. Channels and drains of the modern salt pan In the central stretch of the wall, the upper course of southern wall M. I, CXXVIII , east of the gap, had been twisted and carved to serve as slot for the wooden gate of the channel carrying sea waters to the salt pan fig.

Such twisted blocks testify to modern times sea elevation, and have to be matched with the uppermost drains and [fig. The wall masonry In spite of these transformations, the original masonry of the southern boundary wall of the Kothon was examined in the four original superimposed courses of blocks, since to the west also the coronation upper course made of lower blocks was preserved fig.

The building technique was regular and exploited the peculiar characteristics of the soft local sandstone. Blocks employed in the wall were, in [fig.

Talisman: Digital Edition - The Sacred Pool Expansion for PC Reviews - Metacritic

The three lower courses of the wall consisted of blocks 1 cubit high, while the blocks of the uppermost coronation fourth course were 0. Courses I and II show an alternation of headers and stretchers, according to a typical Phoenician building technique, with a marked difference between the lower foundation course I and the upper one II , that is that blocks of the first course were not refined in the visible face, kept unworked in an embossed style, while those of the second course were carefully cut on the facciavista fig. Both the two lower courses, however, as stated above, show headers and stretchers regularly set.

Conversely, the third course from the bottom was made only of huge stretchers up to 1. It was made, as stated above, of blocks shorter than the others, laid as coronation of the structure as indicated by the fact that they slightly abut cm in respect of the wall face figs. In spite of their limited thickness, the coronation blocks were as long as those of the III course, that is between 1. This would have been particularly unsuitable in a navigable basin or in a port device.

pilgrim and sacred pool Amrit Sarovar, Golden temple, Amritsar, Punjab, India

For this reason, the underlying huge blocks of the third course were twisted in order to raise the edge of the pool, when it was transformed into a fish farm and a salt producing device in late antiquity. The central stretch water infiltrations the structure was laid at a 0. In order to maintain the characterized by the gap of two blocks removed wall courses regularity in this point, two bigger in antiquity when the basin was transformed into blocks were set into the marl, while three slabs salt pan and it was connected to the sea through were placed underneath two blocks of course I to a channel the borders of which lay at the reinforce their bottom fig.

The western boundary wall of the coronation course as known from the southern basin M. The western side-wall M. The lower courses pl. II, I-II were 0. The majority of blocks were laid as stretchers, even though on this side of the basin the boundary wall had to support a huge and heavy earthen mass. The uppermost course mainly consisted of blocks re-displaced in late [fig. The pottery from the Kothon This chronological and typological gap testify to the continuous frequentation of the place for Despite of the objective difficulty in dealing with industrial activities after the second fall and the a hard - and slick - field fig.

As in antiquity, when it was the pivot of some coherent ceramic contexts, possibly related religious activities of the Sacred Area, the Kothon to cult activities which interested the sacred pool continued to be, also in modern times, a focal during the lifetime of the Temple of Baal. The finding of pottery, thus, may reflect a period of decrease of maintenance of the Kothon sacred structures. Except for the US. As far as argumenta e silentio can be deemed valid, it may be of some interest to notice the almost total absence of transport wares in the Kothon, as well as that of ceramics connected to later reuses of the pool as fish farm, i.

Roman pottery, and of pottery related to its modern utilization as saline and cave for building material, i. Conversely, such pottery classes are well attested to in abandonment layers both of the Temple and of the Kothon quay NIGRO , Concentric lines on the reserved rim. TOTI a, , no. The retrieval of such bones MC. They were probably used for exterior and interior of nozzle, reserved body. Other cult vases hard. The deposit was placed aside the channel inside.

From a chronological point of view, pottery of Bibliography: We are probably MC. At that moment, all Description: Deities are represented by two nuggets usually limestone, chamotte, quartz, organic; Incl. NIGRO , , pl. NIGRO b, 49, fig. Pottery from the deposit D. I and an Attic skyphos as betyls and stelae, were removed and used to MC. I has a reddish glaze, and, as demonstrated by the excavation of the probably a residue of the black gloss that Kothon, the channel which connected the Temple originally must have coated the surface, inside Spring and the sacred well to the pool.

Deposit and outside, whereas the centre of the cup and D. Descending The pottery of the deposit includes both Greek from an Attic typology, this cup belongs to a and Punic vases: A couple of almost identical Black Gloss MC. I presents on the I is one basic feature of the deposit. Lamps outer surface traces of white slip. The type, exhibit black glaze outside and on the nozzle, and characterized by the everted rim and the a reserved body.